Tag Archives: Plagiarism

Plagiarist Gerald Posner reinvents himself as correction hunter for Karzai family

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Well, this is strange. Plagiarist Gerald Posner, who lost his job at the Daily Beast earlier this year and has since been accused of literary theft in his books as well, is now working as a lawyer and representing Qayum Karzai, brother of Afghanistan President Hamid Karzai, among other members of the Karzai family. Part of his new duties involves requesting corrections and "pursuing potential libel cases against his old colleagues in the Western media," according to Foreign Policy:

So far, Posner — who worked as a lawyer before becoming a journalist — says, his work on behalf of the Karzais has mostly involved pursuing potential libel cases against his old colleagues in the Western media, where the presidential family has taken a drubbing of late: The brothers have variously been accused of trafficking heroin, muscling their way into lucrative development projects, and selling materials for IEDs used against American troops. Posner hasn't filed any actual lawsuits yet, but says he is in contact with representatives of the New York Times, the New York Post, Fox News, the Toronto Star, and the Washington-based Institute for the Study of War think tank about reports they've published concerning the Karzais that he believes to be potentially libelous.

As evidence, see this correction from the Toronto Star:

A June 9 article about a Canadian dam project stalled in Afghanistan reported that sources in Kandahar told the Star that Qayum Karzai, brother of Afghanistan President Hamid Karzai, is the largest shareholder of Afghan security firm, Watan Risk Management. Karzai has since told the Star, through his U.S. lawyer, that he has no financial interest in Watan, which is operated by Rashid Popal, a cousin of the Karzai family.
According to Miami lawyer Gerald Posner: "At no time has Qayum Karzai ever had any financial or equitable interest in Watan Risk Management. At no time has he ever had any financial or equitable interest in any private security company in Afghanistan." Popal has also stated that Karzai does not own any shares in Watan.

The FP piece from July includes quotes from Posner. He says he's planning a comeback:

Posner says he hopes to eventually return to journalism — his big project is completing a book on the Vatican than he began several years ago. "I'm not comparing myself to Doris Kearns Goodwin," he says, referring to the historian who was similarly tarred as a plagiarist before becoming a bestselling author with her book on Abraham Lincoln's policy brain trust, Team of Rivals. "But what she did was disappear for a couple years and came back with a bulletproof, superb book. What I need to do is eventually come out with a book — it won't be about Afghanistan, but in three or four years I'll come back with that. And people will be able to say, he didn't put together two words from anyone."

Plagiarism at the Portland Press Herald

The Portland Press Herald has fired columnist Leigh Donaldson because a recent column of his “contained a substantial amount of content from a column published on AlterNet.org that was used without attribution.” The paper published a very brief editor’s note, but it doesn’t detail whether the Press Herald will examine Donaldson’s previous work for other incidents of theft.

The AlterNet.org writer whose work was plagiarised says that Donalson is in fact a repeat offender. In a story on the site, Anneli Rufus writes that, “He has also pilfered material from other reporters’ stories at AlterNet and other venues for years, as a fellow journalist friend of mine discovered via some online detective work.” Rufus then offers some examples.

Donaldson spoke with DownEast.com and “called the incident ‘regrettable’ and added, ‘I dropped the ball in terms of neglecting to give attribution. It was totally unintentional. It’s unfortunate, but I’ve written this column for more than three years, and this has never happened before. I’m usually very careful about attributing.’ ”

Let’s hope the Press Herald does the right thing by all parties and examines Donaldson’s previous work.

Plagiarism at the Wall Street Journal Europe

The Wall Street Journal published this correction yesterday:

Two “Agenda” columns by Bill Jamieson, executive editor of the Scotsman, that appeared in The Wall Street Journal Europe and on WSJ.com contained material copied from other sources that Mr. Jamieson failed to credit. A column published July 20 on the European Union’s External Action Service and a column published July 23 on European bank stress tests contained certain passages and quotes that were reported by Reuters, the Sunday Telegraph and euobserver.com. Mr. Jamieson’s “Agenda” columns have been removed from the Journal’s websites, and his relationship with the Journal has been terminated. Link

Jamieson’s columns also appeared in the Scotsman, and you can find his offending July 20 column on that paper’s website. It includes no reference to plagiarism.

Harry Page is not a plagiarist

In late 2007, I wrote a post about an incident of plagiarism at the San Antonio Express-News. I quoted from an article by the paper’s public editor that reported “… veteran E-N sports staffer Harry Page was terminated last week for lifting information — which he presented in his bowling blog as his own — from two websites: www.bowl.com, the Web site of the U.S. Bowling Congress, and www.pbatour.com, the Professional Bowlers Association Tour Web site.”

Not long after my post went live, people started posting comments, saying that Page had been wrongfully accused and terminated. (These comments were lost after I changed my comments system on the site; I only realized this while writing this post.) The commenters noted that the allegedly offending blog posts in fact included attribution to the two websites in question.

Page eventually filed suit against the paper for defamation of character. The good news: Earlier this month, he reached a settlement with the paper and its owner that makes it clear he is not a plagiarist. I’ve updated my previous post to reflect this and congratulate Page on clearing his name. From a San Antonio Informer article about the suit:

Page, represented by attorney Darryl K. Carter of the Houston-based Glickman, Carter & Bachynsky, L.L.P., law firm, sued the newspaper believing that the Express-News invented the false plagiarism charges after he refused to participate in a “voluntary separation program” in October 2007.

The settlement came in District Court of Bexar County Texas, 224th Judicial District, case no. 2008-CI-07082, after the Hearst Corp. was denied a summary judgment to get the suit dismissed in December 2009.


Quick hits about plagiarism and fabrication

During my recent absence, there were a few notable incidents of plagiarism and fabrication. Here’s a quick round-up:

Fabricated interviews. The New Yorker carried a trio of pieces about an Italian journalist caught fabricating a surprisingly large amount of interviews with famous writers. And a German magazine also admitted that it had published a fabricated interview with Beyonce.

Plagiarism at the New York Times. The NYTPicker busted Times art Benjamin Genocchio critic for lifting from Wikipedia.

More Posner theft. Admitted serial plagiarist Gerald Posner is still making news. The Miami New Times uncovered more than 15 other examples of thievery.

(Also see the What I’m Reading sidebar to the right to check out some other recent articles of note.)

Avoiding plagiarism and launching the Regret Facebook page

First, a bit of news: I launched a Regret the Error Facebook page yesterday. It aggregates posts from the site, the What I’m Reading Links over to the right, and my weekly columns for Columbia Journalism Review. Of course, it’s also a place for discussion and sharing links. Go here to check it out and become a fan. I hope to see you there.

I’m also hoping you can help me with an upcoming column for CJR. Last week, I wrote about plagiarism. I examined why news organizations don’t use plagiarism detection services to weed out thieves. For this Friday’s column, I’m offering a range of advice to help writers avoid accidental plagiarism, and to help editors spot a thief or fabulist. I’d appreciate receiving any tips you have. For credit, of course!

UPDATED: Plagiarism at the New York Times

The New York Times published an editors’ note today revealing that business reporter Zachery Kouwe “reused language from The Wall Street Journal, Reuters and other sources without attribution or acknowledgment.” Here’s the note:

In a number of business articles in The Times over the past year, and in posts on the DealBook blog on NYTimes.com, a Times reporter appears to have improperly appropriated wording and passages published by other news organizations.

The reporter, Zachery Kouwe, reused language from The Wall Street Journal, Reuters and other sources without attribution or acknowledgment.

The Times was alerted to the problem by editors at The Wall Street Journal. They pointed out extensive similarities between a Journal article, first published on The Journal’s Web site around 12:30 p.m. on Feb. 5, and a DealBook post published two hours later, as well as a related article published in The Times on Feb. 6.

Those articles described an agreement on an asset freeze for members of Bernard L. Madoff’s family, in a lawsuit filed by a court-appointed trustee. In the Times article and the DealBook post, several passages are repeated almost exactly from the Journal article.

A subsequent search by The Times found other cases of extensive overlap between passages in Mr. Kouwe’s articles and other news organizations’. (The search did not turn up any indications that the articles were inaccurate.)

Copying language directly from other news organizations without providing attribution — even if the facts are independently verified — is a serious violation of Times policy and basic journalistic standards. It should not have occurred. The matter remains under investigation by The Times, which will take appropriate action consistent with our standards to protect the integrity of our journalism.

The Times often adds hyperlinks to its online articles, so it seems strange that the note doesn’t include a full range of links to the offending pieces. It only links to the work that included passages from the WSJ. What about Kouwe’s other stories/blog posts that stole from “Reuters and other sources”? The NYTPicker also pointed out a couple of things left unsaid:

The Editor’s Note — which avoids the word “plagiarism” in describing Kouwe’s actions — goes on to say that a followup investigation turned up “other cases of extensive overlap between passages in Mr. Kouwe’s articles and other news organizations’. ” But the note doesn’t specify those cases, or give the precise number of other similarities it has found so far …
It isn’t clear what action, if any, the NYT has yet taken to punish Kouwe for the appropriations the NYT is revealing in this note. Nor is it clear the extent of Kouwe’s borrowings, beyond the NYT’s vague reference to “a number” of instances.

Update Feb. 16: The Times reports Kouwe has resigned:

A New York Times reporter accused of plagiarizing portions of several articles resigned from the newspaper on Tuesday, according to two people briefed on the matter.

The reporter, Zachery Kouwe, who had already been suspended, met late Tuesday afternoon with representatives of The Times, The New York Times Company and the Newspaper Guild of New York. The participants were to discuss possible disciplinary action, including dismissal, but instead Mr. Kouwe resigned.

Participants were told that the meeting had to remain confidential, but the events were described by the two people who spoke on condition of anonymity …

Update Feb. 17: Kouwe spoke to the New York Observer:

“I was as surprised as anyone that this was occurring,” said Mr. Kouwe, referring to the revelation that he had plagiarized. “I write essentially 7,000 words every week for the blog and for the paper and all that stuff. As soon as I saw, I guess, like six examples, I said to myself, ‘Man what an idiot. What I was thinking?’”

Mr. Kouwe says he has never fabricated a story, nor has he knowingly plagiarized. “Basically, there was a minor news story and I thought we needed to have a presence for it on the blog,” he said, referring to DealBook. “In the essence of speed, I’ll look at various wire services and throw it into our back-end publishing system, which is WordPress, and then I’ll go and report it out and make sure all the facts are correct. It’s not like an investigative piece. It’s usually something that comes off a press release, an earnings report, it’s court documents.”

“I’ll go back and rewrite everything,” he continued. “I was stupid and careless and fucked up and thought it was my own stuff, or it somehow slipped in there. I think that’s what probably happened.”

UPDATED: Plagiarism at the Daily Beast

Acting on a reader tip, Slate’s Jack Shafer busted the Daily Beast’s Gerald Posner for lifting from the Miami Herald:

Veteran journalist Gerald Posner acknowledged today that he copied five sentences from a Miami Herald article this week for a piece he wrote for the Daily Beast. The Daily Beast appended an editor’s note to the beginning of Posner’s piece today, explaining that the copying was “inadvertent” and that the Daily Beast has deleted the copied passages …

When asked whether what Posner did was plagiarism, Daily Beast Executive Editor Edward Felsenthal didn’t dodge. Reading aloud from the definition of plagiarism on Dictionary.com—”the unauthorized use or close imitation of the language and thoughts of another author and the representation of them as one’s own original work”—he agreed that that’s what Posner did. “Yeah, you’d have to say it’s plagiarism,” he said. “I do believe it was inadvertent.”

Posner, the Daily Beast’s chief investigative reporter, didn’t make any excuses, either. And he made no effort to escape the P-word, which writers caught stealing copy usually do.

Stating that he was “horrified” at what he did, Posner agreed that it constitutes plagiarism. But he couldn’t figure out how he did it.

He said he had no memory of having seen the Herald story, describing himself as “absolutely sure” he did not see it before sending his own story to Beast editors. But that memory must be wrong, he said, because the similarities between the two pieces are too great, and the Herald’s story was posted before he e-mailed his to his editors at 2:03 a.m. on Feb. 2.

Here’s the editor’s note:

Editor’s Note: In an earlier version of this article, five sentences were inadvertently copied from a Miami Herald report without attribution. The Daily Beast has removed the sentences and regrets the error.

Update Feb. 8: Shafer kept digging and turned up more examples of plagiarism by Posner. As a result, Posner has been suspended from the Daily Beast. From Shafer’s column:

Slate reader Gregory Gelembuik and I have uncovered additional examples of plagiarism by Posner in the Daily Beast from the Texas Lawyer, a Miami Herald blog, a Miami Herald editorial, a Miami Herald article, and a health care journalism blog.

Beast executive editor Edward Felsenthal told Shafer that, “We will be suspending Gerald Posner while we review his articles, to return if we are satisfied that he has taken the necessary steps to avoid this in the future.”

Posner also issued a statement:

… I now realize that a method of compiling information that I have used successfully since 1984 on book research, obviously does not work in a failsafe manner at the warp speed of the net. Some of the incidents raised by Jack Shafer are not plagiarism, but are instances in which I received the same exact prepared quotation or statement from a police officer or press agent as other reporters. But others are mistakes that I deeply regret.

Update Feb. 14: After being informed that the Beast’s internal investigation turned up additional examples of plagiarism, Posner resigned. Here’s part of the statement he issued on his website:

This afternoon I received a call from Edward Felsenthal, the excellent managing editor of The Daily Beast. He informed me that as part of the Beast’s internal investigation, they had uncovered more instances in earlier articles of mine in which there the same problems of apparent plagiarism as the ones originally brought to life last Friday by Shafer. I instantly offered my resignation and Edward accepted.

Posner goes on at length to try and explain/justify his actions and defend his work as a journalist. He blames the demands of writing for the web, among other things. I won’t quote from it because I find his explanations unconvincing. As did Shafer prior to the resignation.

Merced Sun-Star runs plagiarized letter

A letter to the editor that we published Wednesday, “Obama’s speech” submitted by Ron Gardner of Atwater, has been removed from our Web site. The letter was taken almost word for word from a column, “State of the Union: Obama v. Constitution,” by Mark Alexander on the Web site, The Patriot Post.

Letters to the editor should contain the writer’s own thoughts in the writer’s own words. Otherwise, it is plagiarism, which is unacceptable.

– Keith A. Jones, editorial page editor Link

2009 Plagiarism Round-Up

It’s a depressing job, but somebody’s got to do it. Below is my annual round-up of the year in plagiarism and fabrication. The good news is that there were fewer incidents than in 2008. Please email me if I’ve missed anything.

January

None!

February

New York Daily News reporter Rosemary Black stole two paragraphs and two quotes from a story published on the front page of the San Antonio Express-News. Link

Barney Gimbel, a writer with Fortune magazine, resigned after being shown evidence that he had plagiarized from an article in the New York Times Magazine. Link

March

None!

April

Erwin James, the nom de plume used by a convicted murderer who writes regularly for the Guardian, admitted that he fabricated parts of a 2006 Guardian article about his experiences in the Foreign Legion. Link

*A student named Nicole Sobel plagiarized several sections of a New York Times op-ed for her column in the University of Massachusetts Daily Collegian. She was subsequently removed from the paper’s staff and the paper apologized. Link

Read More »

UPDATED: Plagiarism and fabrication at the Wall Street Journal

wsj2A “Notice to Readers” on the paper’s website:

A Nov. 10 “New Global Indian” online column by New York City freelance writer Mona Sarika has been found to contain information that was plagiarized from several publications, including the Washington Post, Little India, India Today and San Francisco magazine. In the column, “Homeward Bound,” about H-1B visa holders returning to India, Ms. Sarika also re-used direct quotes from other publications, without attribution, and changed the original speakers’ names to individuals who appear to be fabricated. The column is the only work by Ms. Sarika to be published by the Journal, and it has been removed from the Journal’s Web sites.

A person named Mona Sarika, who also identifies herself as a NYC-based freelancer, blogs for the Huffington Post. Her name also appears at other publications, all of whom should review her previous work.

UPDATE Dec. 6: HuffPo and Foreign Policy, two publications that published work by Sarika, have removed her articles. Here’s the notice from Foreign Policy:

In her Oct. 30, 2009 article for ForeignPolicy.com, “Pakistan’s Coming Horror,” freelance writer Mona Sarika plagiarized and misattributed quotes from these sources (1, 2) on the BBC’s Web site and, we believe, may have fabricated her interview subjects. We have pulled the article and will not run work by Ms. Sarika again. We apologize to our readers. —Foreign Policy

And here’s what HuffPo has placed where Sarika’s blog posts once appeared:

Editor’s Note: Due to repeated instances of plagiarism and misattribution, both on HuffPost and elsewhere, Mona Sarika’s work will no longer appear on The Huffington Post.

And here’s a statement that Mario Ruiz, vice president of media relations at Huffington Post, told Virginia M. Moncrieff for a post that appears on, yes, the Huffington Post:

“Once we establish that a story or blog post has been plagiarized, we remove the story from our site and revoke the plagiarist’s right to ever post on The Huffington Post again. We also remove all other posts by that blogger and add a note as to why we’ve done so.”

“This has actually been a very rare occurrence over the four-and-a-half years we’ve been publishing,” he said. “Our policy on any factual inaccuracy (not just plagiarism) is that any time the factual accuracy of a post is called into question, a blogger has 24 hours to either back up their facts or correct the error. If they don’t, their blogging privileges will be revoked.”

That’s an interesting bit of insight into how HuffPo handles accusations of inaccuracy. But one thing that Ruiz doesn’t mention is the site’s policy for acknowledging errors. In this case, it provided an editor’s note, but the note doesn’t detail exactly what was wrong with Sarika’s work on HuffPo. What did she plagiarize, and what was misattributed?

Awfully sorry about taking your content…

guardianWe failed to acknowledge South Africa’s Sunday Times as the source of an article about a passenger on a South African air force flight who was catapulted into the sky when his ejector seat fired. Several passages, including quotes from a South African air force spokesman, a retired South African air force instructor pilot and an observer, were taken from a story on Times Live, the South African paper’s website (Man accidentally ejects himself from plane, 2 November, guardian.co.uk). Link

Hartford Courant apologizes for repeated plagiarism*

hartfordcourantI initially didn’t post about this story because it struck me as a tale of well-meaning aggregation gone wrong, but it seems that the issue was bigger than that. The bottom line is that the Hartford Courant has apologized for repeatedly and knowingly plagiarizing the work of its competitors.

Here’s an excerpt from a statement by the paper’s publisher:

Throughout our history we have served the community by highlighting wrongdoing and violations of ethics when we find them. It is only right that we focus the same light on ourselves when we are wrong.

So, it’s incumbent upon me as publisher to tell you that we failed to meet our own standards and, as we would with anyone else, we are flagging it, calling it wrong and taking action.

In short, after an extensive internal review, we have determined that over the last several weeks The Courant plagiarized the work of some of our competitors. This was not our intent, but it is in fact what happened. We are taking corrective action to prevent it from happening again. We have also disciplined the individuals involved.

There’s not much detail there, so here’s a nut graf from Editor & Publisher:

Last week, Chris Powell, managing editor of The Journal Inquirer in Manchester, Conn., complained in a letter to Graziano that the Courant had been “misappropriating on a wholesale basis local stories published in the Journal Inquirer” since late July, according to a Journal Inquirer report. Jeffrey S. Levine, the Courant’s senior vice president and director of content, said the letter prompted the Courant’s review of its aggregation practices.

AP also has some good background. Finally, a blog maintained by former Courant staffers offers additional details, including an internal memo that describes some fairly outrageous behavior (emphasis mine):

It is and has always been our policy to offer proper attribution. Over the last few weeks, The Courant carried several news stories in which the original news source attributions were removed and credit was given to a Courant staffer.   This was plagiarism.  It happened on our watch. Disciplinary action for those involved, including ourselves, has been taken today.  We’ve put procedures in place to insure that these mistakes never happen again.

The site reports that “Six people at the Hartford Courant, including Content Manager Jeff Levine and Editor Naedine Hazell, have been disciplined by Tribune for their role in plagiarizing material from their competitors’ newspapers.”

Thanks to all who sent this in.

*Correction Sept. 15, 2009: The word plagiarism was misspelled as “plagiairsm” in this headline. Thanks to a commenter for spotting this typo. Update Sept. 16: As David pointed out in the comments, my corrected spelling of the word omitted the second “i.” Very sloppy. I apologize.

From selling nuclear secrets to stealing words

A report from the Christian Science Monitor:

The world’s most infamous agent of nuclear proliferation, Pakistani scientist Abdul Qadeer Khan, has added a fresh feather to his cap following revelations that a newspaper column he penned two weeks ago for Pakistan’s The News heavily plagiarized websites of British universities…

The newspaper column in question, “Science of computers — part I,” appears to have been lifted almost verbatim, from the computer science homepages of the University of Sussex, Imperial College London, and the University of Cambridge. A blow-by-blow comparison can be viewed in a letter to the editor of Pakistani daily The News, the same paper which carried the original column. (In the letter, the link to the University of Sussex is broken. Click here for the correct page.)

Reaction on the Pakistani blogosphere has been harsh, with one blog carrying the item under the headline “A.Q. Khan Plagiarizing Op-Ed Pieces After Lifetime Of Stealing And Selling Nuclear Secrets” in reference to the allegations of espionage that dogged Mr Khan’s tenure as head of Pakistan’s nuclear program.

Thanks, Steve!

Plagiarism at the Telegraph-Journal

telegraphjournalThis has been an incredibly bad summer for the Telegraph-Journal, a newspaper in New Brunswick.

Early in the summer, the paper faced criticism for firing a summer intern under questionable circumstances. Then, in July, the editor and publisher had to step down after the paper started a national scandal by printing false allegations about the Canadian Prime Minister (background here and here).

Now? Plagiarism. A report from CBC.ca:

The Telegraph-Journal has apologized for its third error in the last few months after a reporter plagiarized a story from New Brunswick’s French-language daily newspaper.

Irving-owned Brunswick News Inc.’s flagship newspaper apologized in its Saturday edition for a story that it says a contract reporter translated from L’Acadie Nouvelle and filed it using her byline without attributing the source.

"The Telegraph-Journal expects its journalists to operate with honesty and integrity; a bare translation without credit or attribution is plagiarism and is contrary to the Telegraph-Journal’s core ethics and principles," the apology said.

The newspaper has terminated the contract of the reporter who filed the story …

I think the CBC’s report is somewhat misleading when it calls this the paper’s "third error in the last few months." Maybe I’m nitpicking, but I’m sure the paper has made other factual errors over the summer. Any newspaper would have. So perhaps it’s more accurate to call this the paper’s third "major" error, or third scandal?

The paper’s apology doesn’t appear to be online.:

The Telegraph-Journal published an article last Thursday on the economic spinoffs of the World Acadian Congress by Cheryl Norrad, a contract writer for the newspaper.

The writer translated the story for publication under her own name without acknowledging L’Acadie Nouvelle as the source. She was dismissed from the paper following an investigation.

While news and ideas are public, the words to convey them are not. The Telegraph-Journal expects its journalists to operate with honesty and integrity; a bare translation without credit or attribution is plagiarism and is contrary to the Telegraph-Journal’s core ethics and principles.

We deeply regret that this occurred and we will be taking steps to ensure this does not happen again.

We have apologized to our colleagues at L’Acadie Nouvelle without reservation and we apologize to you, our readers.

Thanks, Trevor!

NY Times Mag publishes editors’ note for plagiarism similar to Dowd’s

nytimesmagThe cover article of The Times Magazine on Sunday reported on whales and the possibility of interspecies communication between them and humans. The final two paragraphs of the article described an occasion in 2005 when a humpback whale became entangled in crab-trap ropes and was freed by a rescue team. Some of the language in the retelling of that event was identical to descriptions of the rescue in an e-mail message that circulated widely after the incident. Specifically, the lines that the whale swam “in joyous circles” after it was freed and “nudged” the divers gently, “as if in thanks”; that the divers thought it was “the most beautiful experience they ever had”; and that one diver said he would “never be the same” appeared in the e-mail message, which was sent to The Times’s writer, Charles Siebert, in the course of his reporting. In seeking to confirm the accuracy of the article, Mr. Siebert read several accounts of the episode, including one published by The San Francisco Chronicle in December 2005 on which he based his retelling.

Mr. Siebert said that he unwittingly incorporated some of the phrasing from the e-mail message that he had been sent earlier. The Times does not allow writers to replicate language without attribution, and had the editors known of these repetitions, they would not have published the passage in that form. Link

Gawker notes that the paper’s reaction to Siebert’s transgression is very different from how it handled the Maureen Dowd incident back in May. From the Gawker post:

…it’s not different—at all—from what Maureen Dowd did in May, when she "inadvertently" copied an entire paragraph written by Talking Points Memo’s Josh Marshall into her column. Dowd’s explanation for the slip was that she was "talking to a friend of mine…who suggested I make this point, expressing it in a cogent — and I assumed spontaneous — way and I wanted to weave the idea into my column…but, clearly, my friend must have read josh marshall without mentioning that to me." We have to assume, giving Dowd the benefit of the doubt, that she was referring to an e-mail conversation, because it’s preposterous to imagine that her friend verbally recounted a 43-word paragraph word-for-word and that Dowd took it down in her notes as such. So it was an instance of a Times reporter unintentionally lifting language from an e-mail.

When Siebert does it, he gets a 232-word editor’s-note-lashing explaining, in finite detail, how the error happened. When Dowd does it, she gets this:

Correction: May 18, 2009
Maureen Dowd’s column on Sunday, about torture, failed to attribute a paragraph about the timeline for prisoner abuse to Josh Marshall’s blog at Talking Points Memo.

You Don’t Say: A primer on plagiarism

By John E. McIntyre

When Waldo Jaquith of The Virginia Quarterly Review discovered and published that Chris Anderson, the editor of Wired, had plagiarized passages from Wikipedia in his new book, Free, it provoked a lively, and sometimes alarming, discussion of plagiarism.

Regret the Error has summarized the affair, and there are extensive comments on the matter at the online edition of The Virginia Quarterly Review.

One reader’s response at VQR: “Don’t care. Don’t care. Don’t care. This is more of the same garbage from academics discovering plagiarism and making a big stink where it isn’t due. Take a fine-tooth comb to any recent publication and start googling. I bet you find a lot more than this.” Another characterized the VQR article as a “witchhunt.”

While many students and even a fair number of journalists, as well as readers who “don’t care, don’t care, don’t care,” appear to think of the Internet in general, and Wikipedia in particular, as a storehouse of ready-made prose available for the taking, there are still old-school writers and editors and teachers who see this casual copying-and-pasting as theft or cheating. 

It is appalling to think that it may be necessary to restate to students and professional writers what constitutes plagiarism. But for the benefit of anyone who cut class that day, here is a short summary.

Sources: Readers are entitled to know where information comes from. Sometimes footnotes or endnotes are appropriate, and citation within the text can usually be accomplished without clumsiness. Plagiarism, which cheats the reader by failing to disclose sources, comes in two forms: misappropriation of ideas and misappropriation of exact language.

Ideas: Information that is generally known and widely available from multiple sources does not require attribution. You do not need to cite a source if you write that John Wilkes Booth shot Abraham Lincoln in Ford’s Theater on April 14, 1865. But if you write that he did so under the orders of Edwin M. Stanton, the secretary of war, you had better give the reader the source of your crackpot theory.

Language: If in recounting the laugh line in Our American Cousin — “Well, I guess I know enough to turn you inside out, old gal — you sockdologizing old mantrap!” — that Booth used for cover, you then write: “The laughter and burst of applause almost covered the sound of a shot in the presidential box,” you had better make sure that the second sentence is also within quotation marks and attributed to David Herbert Donald’s Lincoln. 

Chris* Anderson, in apologizing for the passages in his book lifted from Wikipedia, explained that there was a problem with the publisher in arranging for appropriate citation. But citation was not the only problem. Exact language from another source should run within quotation marks or set off in a block of type as well as being sourced by an appropriate citation.

Perhaps it’s necessary to make this even more explicit:

Do not copy text from Wikipedia or any other source without indicating to the reader where it came from.

Plagiarism can be either deliberate or inadvertent. If inadvertent, it can result from carelessness — such as mixing one’s notes from sources with one’s draft — or from failure to understand what constitutes proper sourcing.

A fellow copy editor once detected verbatim, unsourced sentences from Web sites in a reporter’s copy. When questioned, the reporter said, “Yes, I got that from those sources. It’s background.” Improbable as the explanation of innocent error was — the reporter had earned a university degree, worked at another daily newspaper, and had attended an in-house seminar on how to avoid plagiarism — the management accepted it and kept the reporter on staff.

Now we have Chris** Anderson, an established editor and published writer, caught up in an embarrassment that he has described as an innocent error, for which he has apologized, and which he has pledged to correct. That is as it should be.

But he, and his publisher, should have known better. As should you.

* ** Correction July14: Chris Anderson was incorrectly referred to as "Curt Anderson" in the penultimate paragraph of this article. Thanks to Waldo for spotting this mistake. Update July 14: A commenter correctly pointed out that Waldo noted two occurrences of "Curt" in this post. Both have now been corrected.

John McIntyre, former head of the copy desk at The Baltimore Sun, is the author of You Don’t Say, a blog on language, usage and miscellaneous topics.

Plagiarism at Cotswold Life

The Press Gazette’s Axegrinder blog spotted this apology in Cotswold Life magazine:

In our January and February 2009 issues of Cotswold Life we published a number of articles focused on upcoming events in the county which included original material taken, without permission, from the website www.soglos.com. We are very sorry that we failed to seek permission, and we are therefore pleased to take this opportunity to apologise to SoGlos.com.”

Thanks, Steve!

Plagiarism at the Colorado Springs Gazette

A college student interning at the Colorado Spring Gazette has been fired after the paper discovered she plagiarized from the New York Times in four recent articles. An editor’s note from the paper:

On Tuesday I learned that The Gazette has published four news stories during the past month that contain passages that are substantially similar, and in some cases identical, to passages in news stories originally published by The New York Times.

For this reason, reporter Hailey Mac Arthur, a college student doing a summer internship in our newsroom, has been dismissed from The Gazette. The Gazette forbids plagiarism, which is the act of employing the creative work of someone else and passing it off as your own. None of the four Gazette articles attributed borrowed material to the Times, as is required when quoting the work of some other publication…

The paper lists the passages taken from the Times and concludes with this:

 

Every day, tens of thousands of citizens come to The Gazette and gazette.com in good faith, expecting from us in return that we will report the news as accurately, completely and originally as possible. That good-faith relationship is the foundation of all that makes The Gazette a viable enterprise. Without trust in our journalism, there is no business. For breaching that trust, I apologize to all Gazette readers.

When it comes to the integrity of our journalism, we owe you the same amount of accountability that The Gazette demands of public institutions in the name of their constituents. We will never be perfect, but we will always strive to live up to the principles of journalism and the trust placed in us by readers.

Thanks, Romenesko!

Chris Anderson admits to “screwup” that led to unattributed passages in his latest book

freeThe new book from Wired editor and bestselling author Chris Anderson contains multiple passages lifted from Wikipedia. The examples of plagiarism were discovered by a reviewer for the Virginia Quarterly Review and Anderson admits that he failed to properly attribute the text. Here’s how he explained himself:

As some of you may have seen, VQR rightly spotted that I failed to cite Wikipedia in some passages in Free. This is entirely my own screwup, and will be corrected in the ebook and digital forms before publication (and in the notes, which will be posted online at the same time the hardcover is released), but I did want to explain a bit more how it happened and what we’re doing about it…

In my drafts, I had intended to blockquote Wikipedia passages, footnoting their URL. But my publisher, like many others, was uncomfortable with the changing nature of Wikipedia, and wanted me to timestamp each URL (something like this: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris_Anderson page viewed on July 8th, 2008), which struck me as clumsy and archaic. So at the 11th hour we decided to kill the notes and footnotes entirely and I integrated the attributions into the copy.

In doing so, I went through the document and redid all the attributions, in three groups:

  • Long passages of direct quotes (indent, with source)

  • Intellectual debts, phrases and other credit due (author credited inline, as with Michael Pollan)

  • In the case of source material without an individual author to credit (as in the case of Wikipedia), do a write-through.

Obviously in my rush at the end I missed a few of that last category, which is bad. As you’ll note, these are mostly on the margins of the book’s focus, mostly on historical asides, but that’s no excuse. I should have had a better process to make sure the write-through covered all the text that was not directly sourced…

Edward Champion has weighed in and suggests that Anderson’s transgressions extend beyond what was discovered by VQR. But others, including Anderson’s publisher, have accepted his explanation.

FishbowlNY managed to track down Waldo Jaquith, the VQR reviewer, and get him to explain how he discovered the Wikipedia passages:

For Jaquith, it all started with a parenthetical. During the passage from "Free" in which Anderson describes the saying "There’s no such thing as a free lunch," Jaquith noticed that something was amiss. "It mentioned Crescent City and then, parenthetically, said New Orleans," he said. "At first, I was thrown off. I thought that maybe that before it was called New Orleans it was called Crescent City and I was mad at myself for not knowing that."

The reference needled at Jaquith so he did some research. His first stop: Wikipedia. To his surprise, the Wikipedia entry for New Orleans only mentioned Crescent City as a nickname. So he Googled the citation just as Anderson had written it in his book. That’s how he found an entry for explaining free lunch on Wikipedia.

Plagiarism at the Toledo Free Press

On May 22, *The Toledo Free Press reports that columnist Maggie Thurber resigned after one of her columns was found to have included plagiarized material. From the story:

Thurber’s column for May 24, “A History of Memorial Day,” was accused by a contributor of SwampBubbles.com of containing plagiarized lines.
Upon learning of the accusation,
Toledo Free Press Editor in Chief Michael S. Miller pulled the column from the Web site and indefinitely suspended Thurber pending an investigation.
Thurber responded to the suspension with the following resignation:
“My
Toledo Free Press column, ‘The History of Memorial Day,’ was a compilation of various facts and information from various sources. Because of the numerous sources of the same specific facts and similar information, I did not include in the article the various attributions as I should have. For that, I apologize.
Alternatively, in order to avoid any misconceptions, I could have stated at the start of the article that the facts and information which followed were a compilation from multiple resources. I’m sorry for not making that clear.
When I sent the article to [Miller], I originally had a note in the email that the information was a compilation – just to be sure that [Miller] knew the nature of the column. I changed that note and just sent the article, as I usually do, without explanation. By not making this clear to [Miller], as the editor, I placed the Toledo Free Press into a compromising situation. For that, I also apologize.
I have the training and experience to know better and make no excuse for this error.
As I do not want my mistake to be used against [Miller] in any way, especially considering [Miller's] prior unwavering support, I would like to resign as a columnist, effective immediately.I am forever grateful for the opportunity to write for you.” …

Thanks, Steve!

*Correction June 2: The date on the Free Press article reads May 22, but this is impossible because the offending column was published on May 24. This was the paper’s error, but I should have caught it and not repeated it in my post. Thanks Doug!

The Maureen Dowd plagiarism flap

nytbanner1In her weekend column, the New York Times’ Maureen Dowd included a sentence that later turned out to be taken almost verbatim from Talking Points Memo. (Compare here.) She failed to include any attribution, and this caused TPM and others to accuse her of plagiarism. Dowd emailed a response to the allegations to the Nytpicker blog and Huffington Post:

josh is right. I didn’t read his blog last week, and didn’t have any idea he had made that point until you informed me just now.
i was talking to a friend of mine Friday about what I was writing who suggested I make this point, expressing it in a cogent — and I assumed spontaneous — way and I wanted to weave the idea into my column.
but, clearly, my friend must have read josh marshall without mentioning that to me.
we’re fixing it on the web, to give josh credit, and will include a note, as well as a formal correction tomorrow.

Here’s the correction that was appended to her column:

Maureen Dowd’s column on Sunday, about torture, failed to attribute a paragraph about the timeline for prisoner abuse to Josh Marshall’s blog at Talking Points Memo.

Among others, Gawker has a look at Dowd’s excuse for her failure of attribution:

Who is this mysterious friend who helps Dowd limp across the finish line of the marathon that is two 750 word columns per week for the Times? Was the conversation in question over the phone, in which Dowd would have written down her friend’s words in a note, or was it via email or instant messenger, where perhaps there’s an electronic record of the exchange? And finally, why was Dowd needing help expressing the thought contained in the passage in question, a sequence of words which, with no disrespect directed at Josh Marshall, don’t seem all that remarkable. It’s a point well made with words, for sure, but it’s not something that couldn’t have been expressed in a number of different ways.

It is remarkable, and not in a good way, that Dowd was given the idea by a friend and then ended up writing it almost exactly the same as it appeared on TPM. It seems strange. That said, failures of attribution do occur, and they always raise suspicion. (Sometimes, failure of attribution is cited to cover up actual instances of plagiarism.)

The Guardian had a recent failure:

An article about Adam Carroll, A1 Grand Prix championship driver, published online under the heading Adam Carroll aiming for formula one after A1GP success, 5 May, failed to acknowledge that the quotes from Carroll used in the piece came from an interview by Will Buxton published in the 4 May issue of GPWeek, an online magazine. We apologise for this lapse.

Which makes this Guardian error about the Dowd story all the more interesting/amusing.

UPDATED: Plagiarism at Fortune magazine

fortuneBarney Gimbel, a writer with Fortune magazine, resigned after being shown evidence that he had plagiarized from an article in the New York Times Magazine. The New York Observer reports that Fortune will publish an apology in its upcoming issue, which is slated to hit newsstands on March 9. The apology:

In our Feb. 2 issue we published a story about Lukoil and its president titled “Russia’s King of Crude,”” the apology will read, a copy of which was obtained by The Observer. “We have since discovered that several passages were lifted from “The Triumph of the Quiet Tycoon,” written by Peter Maass and published in the New York Times Sunday Magazine on Aug. 1, 2004. Fortune apologizes to Mr. Maass and the New York Times Sunday Magazine.

The Observer also reports that Fortune conducted a review of Gimbel’s previous work and didn’t discover any other examples of plagiarism. From the story:

When the author of the Fortune story, a young, rising star at the magazine named Barney Gimbel, was presented with the two stories and the lifted passages during an internal investigation, he offered his resignation …
When we asked a Fortune spokesperson about his departure, she said: “We do not comment on personnel issues.”
Gerry Marzorati, the editor of The New York Times Magazine, said that a few weeks ago the author of the plagiarized story, Peter Maass, contacted Fortune editors about several passages that looked nearly identical to his own. Fortune editors contacted Mr. Marzorati immediately and said they were looking into it …
“As far as I’m concerned, things were resolved amicably and fairly,” said Mr. Marzorati. “They did the right thing. They alerted us, they said they were going to do an internal investigation, and they didn’t stonewall in anyway. They acted courteously and professionally the entire process.”
The question is now what happens to Mr. Gimbel.
According to a Fortune staffer, during the investigation they found no other examples of plagiarism in his work.

UPDATE March 6: Portfolio’s Jeff Bercovici reports that Gimbel’s previous work for Newsweek has also been checked for plagiarism:

Although Gimbel quickly resigned, an in-house review of his work for Fortune turned up no other instances of plagiarism. And now I’m told that Newsweek, where Gimbel worked previously, has concluded its own review of Gimbel’s articles and found nothing amiss, suggesting the lifting in his Lukoil story was a one-off.

Plagiarism at the NY Daily News

nydailynewsAn article published on the New York Daily News’ website stole two paragraphs and two quotes from a story published on the front page of the San Antonio Express-News. Bob Richter, the Express-News public editor, described the theft on his blog:

An editor at nydailynews.com, the Web site of the New York Daily News, acknowledged Thursday that a Web reporter, Rosemary Black, lifted, without attribution, part of a Feb. 3 Express-News story.
Plagiarism, or passing off another person’s work as though it were your own, is considered a cardinal sin of journalism.
The Express-News story, “Kissing at mall leads to fight in court,” by E-N staff writer Jeorge Zarazua, was published on Page 1.

The nydailynews.com story, published online a day later, “Kissing is no crime, say women arrested in San Antonio mall,” used, without crediting the Express-News, two quotations given only to Zarazua and two paragraphs crafted by Zarazua that led into the quotes.

After hearing from the Express-News, the Daily News updated the article to include the proper attribution. The paper also appended an editor’s note:

Editor’s note: An earlier version of this story should have attributed quotes by certain individuals to reporting by the San Antonio Express-News.

This is about as weak as the paper’s earlier correction for twice misidentifying a woman as the “Manhattan Madam.” The note doesn’t mention plagiarism, and it ignores the two stolen paragraphs that preceded the copied quotes.

2008 Plagiarism/Fabrication Round-Up

As noted in this year’s edition of the Crunks, 2008 saw an example of institutional plagiarism (the Bulletin), as well as an incident of institutional fabrication (Mainichi Daily News). Both are mentioned below, along with the rest of this year’s notable examples of plagiarism and fabrication. On the more positive side of things, this year saw John McIntyre of the Baltimore Sun write a great guide to spotting a plagiarist or fabulist. It’s highly recommended. And now, on with the bad news. (Also, please email me if I missed any.)

January

The Weekly Standard apologized after it discovered that a December 2007 article by David Satter included several passages from articles published in the Eurasia Daily Monitor. Link

The Sunday Times (UK) “inadvertently” plagiarized content from Radar magazine. Link

The new sex columnist for the New York Press resigned after her first column included questions taken from Dan Savage’s syndicated sex column. Link

February

After work submitted by a contributor was found to have included plagiarized material, the Brown Daily Herald conducted a review and discovered “two [additional] articles … that contained passages similar or identical to those in other publications.” Link

An article in the Miami Herald contained passages taken from an article in the South Florida Sun-Sentinel. Link

The New York Times published an Editors’ Note that revealed a paragraph contained in a front page article about Argentina was taken from the Miami Herald. Slate’s Jack Shafer discovered the theft. Link

The Ventura County Star fired its surfing columnist after it discovered that two of his columns contained plagiarized material. Link

Award-winning photographer Liu Wei-qiang admitted to faking a widely-published photograph that showed a herd of endangered Tibetan antelopes near a passing train on the controversial Qinghai-Tibet railway. Link

Read More »

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